Li-valve tse laolang khatello, tseo hangata li bitsoang li-valve tsa PRV, ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa haholo lits'ebetsong tsa khatello ea mollo, haholo-holo meahong e nang le liphahlo tsa ACM. Li-valve tsena li etselitsoe ho boloka khatello ea metsi e tsitsitseng, e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa hore ts'ebetso e sebetsa hantle le ho finyella litekanyetso tsa ho latela ts'ireletso ea mollo. Ho ea ka phuputso e entsoeng ke Lefapha la Mollo oa Los Angeles City, ho feta 75% ea li-valve tse 413 tse lekiloeng tse laolang khatello li hloka ho tsosolosoa kapa ho lokisoa, ho hatisa bohlokoa ba tsona ba bohlokoa ho boloka botšepehi ba tsamaiso. Ho feta moo, Mokhatlo oa Naha oa Tšireletso ea Mollo (NFPA) o tiisa liprothokholo tsa tlhahlobo e thata bakeng sa li-valve tsena ho thibela khatello e feteletseng le ho netefatsa polokeho nakong ea maemo a tšohanyetso. Litharollo tse tšepahalang, joalo kali-valve tse thibelang khatellole lisebelisoa tsa machaba tsa hydrant valve, li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho sireletsa bophelo le thepa liketsahalong tse amanang le mollo.

Lintlha tsa bohlokoa

• Li-valve tse laolang khatello ea maikutlo (PRVs)boloka khatello ea metsi e tsitsitse lits'ebetsong tsa mollo. Sena se ba thusa ho sebetsa hantle nakong ea maemo a tšohanyetso.
• Ho hlahloba le ho lokisa li-PRVhangata e bohlokoa haholo. E fumana mathata kapele, e emisa ho hloleha, 'me e boloka batho ba sireletsehile.
• Mehaho e nang le liphahlo tsa ACM e hloka li-PRV ho fihlela melao ea mollo. Li pholosa bophelo le ho sireletsa mehaho likotsing tsa mollo.

Karolo ea Khatello e Laolang Li-valve ho Khatello ea Mollo

Valve e Laolang Khatello ke Eng?

Valve e laolang khatello ke sesebelisoa se ikhethileng se etselitsoeng ho laola le ho boloka khatello e tsitsitseng ea metsi ka har'a sistimi. E etsa bonnete ba hore khatello e lula e le ka har'a meeli e sireletsehileng le ea ts'ebetso, ho sa natsoe ho fetoha ha phepelo ea metsi. Li-valve tsena li bohlokoa haholo mekhoeng ea ho thibela mollo, moo khatello ea metsi e tsitsitseng e leng ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e sebetsang nakong ea maemo a tšohanyetso.

Li-valve tse laolang khatello li tla ka mefuta e fapaneng, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e etselitsoe lisebelisoa tse itseng. Mohlala, mohlala oa 90-01 o na le moralo o felletseng oa boema-kepe o bolokang khatello e tlase ea noka, e etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse phallang haholo. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, mohlala oa 690-01, o nang le moralo o fokotsehileng oa boema-kepe, o fana ka ts'ebetso e ts'oanang empa o loketse hantle bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse hlokang litefiso tse tlase tsa phallo. Tafole e ka tlase e totobatsa lintlha tsena tsa tekheniki:

Mohlala	Tlhaloso
90-01	Mofuta o felletseng oa koung ea valve e fokotsang khatello, e etselitsoeng ho boloka khatello e tlase ea noka.
690-01	Phetolelo e fokolitsoeng ea koung ea valve e fokotsang khatello, e boetse e boloka khatello e tlase ea noka ka katleho.

Li-valve tsena li bohlokoa haholo ho netefatsa hore litsamaiso tse thibelang mollo li sebetsa hantle tlas'a maemo a fapaneng.

Li-Valves tse Laolang Khatello li Sebetsa Joang Mekhatlong ea Khatello ea Mollo

Li-valve tse laolang khatello li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa homekhoa ea ho thibela molloka ho laola phallo ea metsi le khatello. Ha mokhoa oa ho thibela mollo o sebetsa, valve e fetola khatello ea metsi hore e lumellane le litlhoko tsa tsamaiso. Phetoho ena e thibela khatello e feteletseng, e ka senyang tsamaiso kapa ea fokotsa katleho ea eona.

Sephahla se sebetsa ka motsoako oa mekhoa e ka hare, ho kenyelletsa le diaphragm le selemo. Ha metsi a kena ka valve, diaphragm e utloa boemo ba khatello. Haeba khatello e feta moeli o behiloeng, nako ea selemo e hatella, e fokotsa sekhahla sa phallo le ho khutlisetsa khatello ho ea boemong bo lakatsehang. Ts'ebetso ena e netefatsa hore sistimi e fana ka metsi ka khatello e nepahetseng bakeng sa ho tima mollo.

Ka ho boloka khatello ea metsi e tsitsitseng, li-valve tse laolang khatello li matlafatsa botšepehi le katleho ea mekhoa ea ho thibela mollo. Ba etsa bonnete ba hore metsi a fihla libakeng tsohle tsa mohaho, esita le tse libakeng tse phahameng kapa tse hōle le mohloli oa metsi. Bokhoni bona bo bohlokoa haholo meahong e nang le liphahlo tsa ACM, moo khatello e potlakileng le e sebetsang ea mollo e ka thibelang tšenyo e mpe.

Likotsi tsa Mollo ho ACM Cladding Systems le Bohlokoa ba li-PRV

Ho utloisisa Likotsi tsa Mollo ho ACM Cladding

Lisebelisoa tsa ho roala Aluminium Composite Material (ACM) li baka likotsi tse kholo tsa mollo ka lebaka la sebopeho sa tsona. Liphanele tse nang le li-cores tsa polyethylene (PE), haholo-holo tse nang le "low-density PE" (LDPE), li chesa haholo. Lipatlisiso tsa McKenna et al. e senotse hore li-cores tsa LDPE li bonts'a likhahla tse phahameng tsa mocheso (pHRR) ho fihla ho makhetlo a 55 ho feta liphanele tse sireletsehileng tsa ACM, tse fihlang ho 1364 kW/m². Palo ena e tšosang e totobatsa ho ata ka potlako ha mollo mehahong e nang le liphahlo tse joalo. Ho feta moo, boithuto bo tlalehile tokollo ea mocheso kaofela (THR) ea 107 MJ/m² bakeng sa li-cores tsa LDPE, e totobatsang bokhoni ba tsona ba ho besa mollo o moholo.

Liteko tse mahareng tse entsoeng ke Guillame et al. e bontšitse hore liphanele tsa ACM tse nang le li-cores tsa PE li lokolla mocheso ka litheko tse phahameng haholo ha li bapisoa le lisebelisoa tse ling. Phapang ena e bakoa ke litaba tse phahameng tsa polymer ho li-cores tsa PE, tse potlakisang ho tuka. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, Srivastava, Nakrani, le Ghoroi li tlalehile pHRR ea 351 kW/m² bakeng sa lisampole tsa ACM PE, tse totobatsang ho cha ha tsona. Liphuputso tsena ka kopanelo li bonts'a likotsi tse ntseng li eketseha tsa mollo tse amanang le litsamaiso tsa ho koala tsa ACM, haholo tse nang le li-cores tsa PE.

Mehaho e nang le liphahlo tsa ACM e tobana le mathata a ikhethang nakong ea maemo a tšohanyetso a mollo. Ho lokolloa ha mocheso ka potlako le ho ata ha malakabe ho ka senya litsela tsa ho tsoa le ho sitisa boiteko ba ho tima mollo. E sebetsa hantlemekhoa ea ho thibela mollo, tse nang le lisebelisoa tse tšepahalang tse kang li-valve tse laolang khatello, li bohlokoa ho fokotsa likotsi tsena le ho sireletsa bophelo.

Kamoo Khatello e Laolang Li-valve e Fokotsang Likotsi Tsa Mollo ho ACM Cladding Systems

Li-valve tse laolang khatellobapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho fokotsa likotsi tsa mollo meahong e nang le liphahlo tsa ACM. Li-valve tsena li netefatsa khatello e tsitsitseng ea metsi ho pholletsa le tsamaiso ea khatello ea mollo, e leng ho nolofalletsang ho fana ka metsi ka katleho libakeng tse amehileng. Meahong e nang le liphahlo tsa ACM, moo mollo o ka nyolohang ka potlako, ho boloka khatello e nepahetseng ea metsi ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho laola malakabe le ho thibela tšenyo e eketsehileng.

Ha sesebelisoa sa khatello ea mollo se sebetsa, valve e laolang khatello e lokisa phallo ea metsi ho fihlela litlhoko tsa sistimi. Phetoho ena e thibela khatello e feteletseng, e ka senyang tsamaiso kapa ea fokotsa katleho ea eona. Ka ho fana ka metsi ka khatello e nepahetseng, valve e tiisa hore li-sprinklers le li-hoses li sebetsa hantle, esita le mehahong e phahameng kapa libakeng tse hōle le mohloli oa metsi.

Li-valve tse laolang khatello li boetse li ntlafatsa ho tšepahala ha mekhoa ea ho thibela mollo mehahong e apereng ACM. Bokhoni ba bona ba ho boloka khatello e tsitsitseng e tiisa hore metsi a fihla libakeng tsohle, ho kenyeletsa le tse phahameng. Bokhoni bona bo bohlokoa ho loants'a mello e bakiloeng ke li-cores tse tukang tsa liphanele tsa ACM. Ka ho fokotsa likotsi tse amanang le ho lokolloa ha mocheso ka potlako le ho ata ha lelakabe, li-valve tsena li kenya letsoho tikolohong e sireletsehileng ea meaho.

Ho feta moo, li-valve tse laolang khatello li thusa mehaho ho latela litekanyetso tsa tšireletso ea mollo. Hangata mekhatlo e laolang e laela tšebeliso ea li-valve tsena lits'ebetsong tsa ho thibela mollo ho etsa bonnete ba hore ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng nakong ea maemo a tšohanyetso. Tšebeliso ea bona ha e sireletse bophelo feela empa e boetse e sireletsa thepa khahlanong le tšenyo e khōlō ea mollo.

Keletso:Ho kenya li-valve tse laolang khatello lits'ebetsong tsa khatello ea mollo ke mohato o sebetsang o fokotsang haholo likotsi tsa mollo meahong e nang le liphahlo tsa ACM. Tlhokomelo ea kamehla le litlhahlobo li matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea tsona, ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ha ho le bohlokoa haholo.

Melemo ea Li-Valves tse Laolang Khatello ho ACM Cladding Systems

Ho Boloka Khatello ea Metsi e sa Feleng Nakong ea Tšohanyetso

Li-valve tse laolang khatello li netefatsa khatello e tsitsitseng ea metsi nakong ea maemo a tšohanyetso a mollo, e leng ntlha ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho thibela mollo ka katleho. Li-valve tsena li lokisa phallo ea metsi ho lumellana le litlhoko tsa sistimi, ho thibela ho fetoha ho ka senyang ts'ebetso. Mehahong e nang le liphahlo tsa ACM, moo mollo o ka jalang ka potlako, ho boloka khatello e tsitsitseng ho tiisa hore metsi a fihla libakeng tsohle, ho kenyeletsa le libaka tse phahameng kapa libaka tse hōle.

Ka ho fana ka metsi ka khatello e nepahetseng, li-valve tsena li ntlafatsa bokhoni ba li-sprinklers le li-hoses, ho nolofalletsa bo-ralitima-mollo ho laola malakabe ka katleho. Karolo ea bona e ba ea bohlokoa le ho feta mehahong e phahameng, moo ho fapana ha khatello e bakoang ke matla a khoheli ho ka sitisang boiteko ba ho tima mollo. Taolo e tšepahalang ea khatello e netefatsa hore lits'ebetso tsa ho thibela mollo li sebetsa ka mokhoa o se nang moeli, li sireletsa bophelo le thepa nakong ea maemo a tšohanyetso.

Ho Thibela Khatello e Feteletseng le ho Matlafatsa Ts'epehi ea Sisteme

Li-valve tse laolang khatello li thibela khatello e feteletseng, e ka senyang mekhoa ea ho thibela mollo le ho fokotsa ho tšepahala ha tsona. Lithuto tsa nalane le lintlha tsa tšimo li totobatsa katleho ea tsona:

• Lithuto tsa masimong li bonts'a sekhahla se phahameng sa ho hloleha sa 0.4% feela ka selemo nakong ea tlhahlobo ea likhoeli tse 30, ka boemo ba kholiseho ea 95%.
• Tlhahlobo ea ho khutlela morao e senola hore li-valve tsena li fetoha tse ka tšeptjoang ha nako e ntse e ea, li hatisa ho tšoarella ha tsona le matla a ho thibela.

Ka ho boloka khatello e tsitsitseng, li-valve tsena li fokotsa ho senyeha le ho senyeha ha likarolo tsa tsamaiso, ho lelefatsa nako ea tsona ea bophelo le ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e ka tšeptjoang. Bokhoni ba bona ba ho thibela khatello e feteletseng bo boetse bo fokotsa kotsi ea ho hloleha ha sistimi nakong ea linako tse mahlonoko, ho matlafatsa ts'epo ka kakaretso.

Ho netefatsa Tumellano le Melao ea Tšireletso ea Mollo

Li-valve tse laolang khatello li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho thusa meaho ho fihlela litekanyetso tse thata tsa polokeho ea mollo. Mekhatlo e laolang joalo ka National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) e laela tšebeliso ea bona homekhoa ea ho thibela molloho netefatsa khatello e tsitsitseng le ho phalla.

Bopaki	Tlhaloso
Tumellano ea NFPA 20	Li-valve tse laolang khatello li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka khatello le phallo e hlokahalang lits'ebetsong tsa ts'ireletso ea mollo, joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe ho litekanyetso tsa NFPA 20.
Tlhokahalo ea Sesebelisoa sa Tšireletso	NFPA 20 e laela hore ho kenngoe Li-Valves tsa ho Thibela Khatello ho thibela khatello e feteletseng tsamaisong ea tšireletso ea mollo.

Ntle le moo, lits'ebeletso tsa tlhahlobo le setifikeiti bakeng sa li-valve tsena li latela litekanyetso tsa ho kenya NFPA, ho netefatsa hore ho latela melaoana ea polokeho ea mollo. Ketsahalo ea mollo ea 1991 ho One Meridian Plaza e ile ea hatisa bohlokoa ba ho beha li-valve tse fokotsang khatello ka nepo ho boloka khatello e lekaneng bakeng sa boiteko ba ho tima mollo. Ka ho khomarela litekanyetso tsena, li-valve tse laolang khatello ha li matlafatse tšireletso feela empa hape li sireletsa mehaho khahlanong le liphello tsa molao le tsa lichelete tse amanang le ho se latele melao.

Tlhokomelo le Tumellano bakeng sa Li-valve tse Laolang Khatello

Bohlokoa ba Litlhahlobo le Tlhokomelo ea Kamehla

Ho hlahlojoa le tlhokomelo ea kamehlaea li-valve tse laolang khatello li bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa ts'epo le ts'ebetso ea tsona. Ho hlokomoloha likarolo tsena tsa bohlokoa ho ka baka litlamorao tse mpe, ho kenyelletsa ho hloleha ha lisebelisoa le likotsi tsa polokeho. Mohlala:

• Belofo e sa sebetseng hantle nakong ea tlhahlobo e bakile ho lutla ha lik'hemik'hale tse kotsi, ho pepesetsa basebetsi linthong tse chefo 'me ho baka mathata a tebileng a bophelo bo botle.
• Basebelisi ba lisebelisoa tse khethehileng ba tlameha ho etelletsa pele ho rarolla mathata, ho lokisa le ho hlahloba li-valve tsa polokeho ho thibela likotsi.

Tlhokomelo ea kamehla e thusa ho tseba mokhathala, ho bola, kapa ho lutla ho ka bang teng pele e ka ba mathata a maholo. Mekhoa e metle ea ho boloka li-valve tsena e kenyelletsa:

Mokhoa o Molemo ka ho Fetisisa	Tlhaloso
Tlhahlobo ea Kamehla	Lemoha ho senyeha, ho bola, kapa ho lutla ha nako le nako.
Tekanyetso	Boloka sebaka se nepahetseng ka ho lekanya valve nako le nako.
Ho Hloekisa le ho Lubrication	Hloekisa le ho tlotsa likarolo tse tsamaeang joalo ka likhothaletso tsa moetsi.
Ho Fetola Likarolo Tse Senyehileng	Fetola likarolo tse senyehileng hang-hang ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng.

Ka ho khomarela litloaelo tsena, batsamaisi ba mohaho ba ka eketsa nako ea bophelo ba li-valve tse laolang khatello le ho ntlafatsa polokeho ea kakaretso ea mekhoa ea ho thibela mollo.

Ho khomarela Melao ea Tšireletso ea Mollo bakeng sa ACM Cladding Systems

Ho latela melao ea ts'ireletso ea mollo ho bohlokoa bakeng sa meaho e nang le lisebelisoa tsa ho koala tsa ACM. Mekhatlo e laolang e laela tšebeliso eali-valve tse laolang khatelloho netefatsa khatello e tsitsitseng ea metsi nakong ea maemo a tšohanyetso. Ho latela litataiso tse theiloeng ho fokotsa likotsi mme ho netefatsa hore sistimi e sebetsa hantle ha ho hlokahala haholo.

Litlaleho tsa tekheniki li totobatsa mekhoa e mengata e metle ea ho latela melao:

Mokhoa o Molemo ka ho Fetisisa	Tlhaloso
Litlhoko tse Nepahetseng tsa Khatello	Boloka khatello e tlase ho ea holimo joalo ka ha ho boletsoe ke bahlahisi.
Boitšoaro bo Loketseng	Kenya li-valve ka nepo ho qoba mathata a ts'ebetso.
Secure Mouning	Fokotsa ho thothomela le khatello ea kelello ka ho kenya ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.
Li-strainers le Lisefe	Kenya letamo ho thibela tšenyo ea maloanlahla le ho boloka phallo e phallang.

Ntle le ho kenya, ho hlahlojoa khafetsa le ho latela melao ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ireletso ke tsa bohlokoa. Mehato ena ha e sireletse bophelo le thepa feela empa hape e thusa ho qoba litlamorao tsa molao le tsa lichelete tse amanang le ho se ikobele melao. Batsamaisi ba meaho ba tlameha ho lula ba falimehile ho phethahatsa litekanyetso tsena ho netefatsa polokeho ea batho ba lulang ka har'a matlo le bots'epehi ba lits'ebetso tsa ho thibela mollo.

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Li-valve tse laolang khatello li sebetsa e le karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ireletsong ea mollo bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa li-cladding tsa ACM. Ba boloka khatello e tsitsitseng ea metsi, ho netefatsa hore mekhoa ea ho thibela mollo e sebetsa ka katleho nakong ea maemo a tšohanyetso. Karolo ea bona ho fokotsa likotsi tsa mollo le ho finyella litekanyetso tse thata tsa tšireletso e ke ke ea feteletsoa. Batsamaisi ba meaho ba tlameha ho etelletsa pele ho kenya le ho hlokomela ho sireletsa maphelo le thepa.

LBH

Nako ea bophelo ea valve e laolang khatello tsamaisong ea khatello ea mollo ke efe?

Nako ea bophelo ea valve e laolang khatello e itšetlehile ka tšebeliso le tlhokomelo. Ka tlhahlobo e tloaelehileng le tlhokomelo e nepahetseng, li-valve tsena li ka nka lilemo tse 10-15 kapa ho feta.

Li-valve tse laolang khatello li lokela ho hlahlojoa hangata hakae?

Litsebi li khothalletsa ho hlahloba li-valve tse laolang khatello selemo le selemo.Litlhahlobo tsa kamehlathusa ho tseba ho felloa ke matla, ho bola, kapa ho lutla, ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng nakong ea maemo a tšohanyetso a mollo.

Na li-valve tse laolang khatello li tlamehile bakeng sa meaho e nang le liphahlo tsa ACM?

E, melaoana e mengata ea tšireletso ea mollo e hloka li-valve tse laolang khatello mehahong e nang le liphahlo tsa ACM. Li-valve tsena li tiisa khatello e tsitsitseng ea metsi, ho matlafatsa ts'epahalo ea sistimi ea khatello ea mollo.

Hlokomela:Kamehla buisana le melao le litekanyetso tsa ts'ireletso ea mollo oa lehae ho netefatsa hore ho latela litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa li-valve tse laolang khatello.